Darth Data Recovery Technology Popular: Seagate Seagate Hard Disk Repair Technical Information
Meet ST:
ST hard drives are divided into 7200.7 7200.8 7200.9 7200.10 7200.11 7200.12 and other families
(The original old model will not be introduced), the current version of PC3000 supports hard drives from 7200.7 to 7200.10.
The following uses a picture to introduce various parameters of ST in detail.
The place marked 1 in the picture refers to the ST family series, here is a 7200.10 plate
2 is the SN number. In the ST hard disk, the SN number is an important parameter, because we can use the modified SN number to cut the head. The second and third positions of the SN number determine how many heads this hard disk has. In the attachment, there is a ST SN head correspondence table. Here RA means that there are two heads.
3 is the hard disk model, generally find the matching firmware, you need to pay attention here.
4 is the firmware version. When finding the matching firmware, be sure to find the same one. (In special cases, you can replace the ROM and replace the full set of firmware for maintenance without matching).
Introduce some nouns in ST:
Firmware: Firmware is software, not stored on the circuit board. It is stored before the 0 track on the disk, also known as negative track, firmware area, SA area, FW area, service area, etc.
In PC3000, the complete ST firmware is an .LDR file, which contains ROM, APP, Cert, Cert table, ATA0 (9.11 includes ATA1), Vendor modules.
The following introduces the ST modules (a little understanding, you can know the usefulness of each module)
ROM contains information such as circuit board and magnetic head. When matching firmware, you need to find the same ROM
(It should be noted that sometimes the ROM is damaged, the hard disk will appear as the motor does not rotate)
APP code module (required for F-level boot)
CERT code track code block, manage a set of extended terminal commands and SelfScan
CERT tables sector blocks, SelfScan parameter table
(9.10 generation disk, you can remove the 99 step by modifying the Cert table, because the 9.10 generation disk SF will stop after running 99
(You must manually N10 ,, 22 Ctrl + T will continue to run)
ATA interface protocol module (after SF is completed, ATA needs to be written)
VENDOR script module (after SF is completed, you also need to write VENDOR)
ST levels:
The Seagate hard drive can work in Normal mode. At this time, the disk firmware and data are read at startup.
And generate a user interface, you can also work in Safemode. The latter hard drive does not release the spindle motor
Does not read the corresponding information in the system area, and can switch to the terminal command mode. (The safemode hard disk is powered on, and the circuit board is needed, but the motor does not rotate. When reading and writing APP modules, reading and writing ROM, it needs to be performed in safemode) However, the function group accessible by the terminal in Safe mode is limited.
Class F: The hard disk works in the state of the circuit board, and the firmware does not work at all. (When the firmware damages the APP module, the hard disk enters class F)
Class T: Normal mode, capable of most terminal operations. (Open SF, need to be carried out under the T level)
ST disk is also divided into level 1, level 2, level 3, level 4, level 5, level 6, level 7, level 8, level 9
The specific use and instructions are in the attachment. Please study by yourself.
SF: The self-calibration we usually say, by writing APP, Cert, Cert table and adding instructions, the hard disk
Calibration will be performed automatically. After completion, write back the ATA module and VENDOR module. (This is also called factory calibration).
SF has certain requirements for hard disks, and requires good performance of magnetic heads, disks, motors, etc., so that SF can normally complete every step.
The repaired disks in this way have a longer usage time. Although sometimes it is not necessary to finish all of them, the hard disk can also be used, but instability may occur during use.
SF takes a relatively long time, so try to find a separate power supply with a higher power to supply power to the hard disk to be repaired. A normal 80G disk is about 8 ~ 12 hours.
The following is a self-calibration process for a 7200.9 80G disk, 7200.10 is the same.
The darker color in the picture is the flow of each level of SF. What is different from the previous 7200.7 7200.8 is that when 7200.9 and 7200.10 are in SF, they will stop after completing 99. Therefore, if it is necessary to do a full calibration (starting from 02), we generally take the step of removing 99 to avoid wasting time in SF. The specific method will be explained in the following video tutorial.
02 is a special level in SF. This level will back up the firmware area module to the cache, and then, the low-level firmware area, then, find an area to write the firmware in the cache to the firmware area, but will not write back ATA Module, therefore, after doing full self-validation, write ATA, and initialize factory information and edit hard disk ID information. Therefore, the power cannot be turned off until level 02 is completed. Otherwise it will be F-class.
From 31 onwards, it is usually the 31-level calibration. This is used more, because 31 is mainly to shield bad sectors.
Many disks 31, however, are mostly due to defective heads or disk surface defects.
(31 ~ 49 are all related to the hard disk defect table, so it must be completed)
SF walks through each level normally and will return to 4E. At this time, we need to write back the corresponding ATA module and VENDOR module, so that the hard disk can recognize the disk normally.
instruction:
The instruction is the key to repairing the ST disk. It seems that we use the 2.4 version of the PC3000 to repair the ST 7200.10 disk. Although the PC3000 does not have this family, a series of operations cannot be completed well. But we can also use instructions to repair the 7200.10 hard drive. (The ST instruction is case sensitive and must be noted)
The commonly used instructions are listed below.
/ Ñ… go to level x
Switch between different levels.
[Ctrl] + [E] Display interface status: error code, maximum CHS, installation data transmission
~ Status of the command interface
[Ctrl] + [C] Firmware Reset
[Ctrl] + [D] or [Ctrl] + [N] Firmware behavior report output detail switch
[Ctrl] + [L] Output line information, including firmware version
[Ctrl]-[O] or [Ctrl] + [] Advance Servo Tracing, output detailed PCHS IО report
[Ctrl] + [R] Load CERT. Display the working status of the hard disk
[Ctrl] + [T] Restart the current level test; display hard disk firmware status
[Ctrl] + [U] Output AT Stuff cache? Display cache image
[Ctrl] + [Z] Switch to command mode
[Ctrl] + [A] Hard disk information, including ROM, firmware version and other comprehensive information
Esc interrupts execution to display data transfer status
These are commonly used, you can use these instructions to view the current information of the hard disk.
The command ";" returns the information format:
Age = xx Type = xx MxCyl = xxxx MxHd = x MxSct = xxxBsz = xx TCode = xxxx
Age = xx current test level
Type = xx Current hard disk type
MxCyl = xxxx The largest Cyl of this hard disk, hex
MxHd = x The maximum Hd of this hard disk, hex
MxSct = xx the maximum track sectors of this hard disk, hex
BSz = xx unit cache size, hex
Example: Age = 50Type = A4 MxCyl = 1387 MxHd = 3 MxSct = 10D Bsz = 80 Tcode = 0000
It can be known from the information returned from the command that this disk recognizes the disk normally and contains 4 heads.
The command "'" returns the data format:
Cmd Cyl Hd Sct Cnt Stbuf Segl Csct Cbuf Actv Ercd Rtry Flags
xx xxxx xx xxxx xxxx xxxx xx xxxx xxxx x xx wwxx.yy.zz xx
Cmd xx The last completed or currently executed subroutine
Cyl xxx The current command Cylinder cylinder (or offset from the basic cylinder)
Hd xx head
Sct xxxx start sector
Cnt xxxx The size of the data block in the sector
Stbuf xxxx data blocks start to cache
Medium size of Segl xx input and output buffer
Csct xxxx current sector
Cbuf xxxx current cache
Actv x Executing orders
Ercd xx current command error code
Rtry wwxx.yy.zz relocation parameters
Flags xx Flags
The command "." Returns the data format:
Pgm = xx Trk = xxxx (yyyy) .a (b) .zzz (www) Zn = xErr = xx ErCt = xxxx Hlth = xxxx CHlth = xxxx sssss LBA = xxxxxxxx
Pgm = xx active program number, of which: 00-diagnostic monitoring, 50-program to establish ÐТ Ð interface
Trk = xxxx (yyyy), a (b), zzz (www) currently active logical (physical) cylinder, logical (physical) head, logical (physical) sector
Err = xx error code of current operation
ErCt = xxxx The number of errors after the last reset of the hard disk or the number of error logs caused by the last command
Hlth = xxxx 4 digit health bit status bit accumulation
CHlth = xxxx 4 digit current health status
sssss hard disk status, Ready is ready or Ntrdy is not ready
LBA = xxxxxxxx Current LBA
example:
Pgm = 50 Trk = 0300 (0301) .2 (0) .034 (068) Err = 00ErCt = 0000 Hlth = 0000 CHlth = 0000 Rea LBA = 00123492
This commonly used command in SF can see the health value of the current state of the hard disk and which level the hard disk is now going to.
T-level commonly used instructions:
Hx, y, z
Display / reset health health bit,
x = any character, showing the current health,
y = <empty>, display the accumulated value of health,
z = 22, reset health
I, 22 Initialize the system area, perform all necessary calibration, formatting, and prepare the system area image to be used to write system information, which is equivalent to the SelfScan test 2
Nx, y, z
Specify the hard disk Age test subroutine at x, and execute the command to set z = 22 (for example, N50,, 22-the hard disk is transferred to 50, which is the ATA working mode), y-RdWrFeatures word flag, available values: A0-read the parameters by default , 0A-write parameters by default, 00-ignore this parameter, AA-all parameters by default, start extended mode SelfScan can be achieved with the command N2, AA, 22, then the hard disk will perform additional read and write adaptation data conversion Hx The, y, z command is often used to repair No log faults. Sometimes SF can't finish because the current health value is too high. You can use the H ,, 22 command to clear the current health value.
Nx, y, z instructions, calibration instructions. X can be a certain level in the calibration process in the Cert table. It will start from the designated level and finish the rest of the process.
Commonly used are N2 ,, 22 N2, AA, 22 N10 ,, 22 N31 ,, 22
(After entering the command, use Ctrl + T to start calibration)
Tx Run factory test x
To run a certain level of test, you need to load Cert to run it.
Vx, y
Display defect table
x-bit, specifying the defect table, which can be a combination flag;
y-if specified, only display the defects of the y head
x tag value:
0 Show slip list used to skip tracks
1 Show reserved slip list skip track
2 Display the relocation list directory
ix, y, z
Empty the defect table
x-bitmap, determine the defect table, which can be a combination of signs;
y-If there is input, the defect table is emptied and forced to be saved to the magnetic surface;
z-the operation should be equal to 22
x tag value
0 Clear used track slip list
1 Clear the reserved track slip list
2 Clear relocation alt list
Common instructions i1,1,22 (P List) i2,2,22 (T List) i4,4,22 (G List)
kx, y, z
Manage power off heads,
x, turn off the head (from high bit), 0 head can not be turned off, if x = FF, release all heads
y, the new hard drive model
z, turn off the magnetic head to the minimum, if necessary,
No parameter input, "T> k" shows the current head map
#,,twenty two
Modify SN to boot from F to T, because age is not 50 at this time, so use this command.
Common instructions for level 1:
Nx
SMART Management and Partial Defect Table
x =
0 –SMART On / Off conversion
1, 4-SMART reset
5-Display SMART attribute values
6-Show SMART's limit values
7-Display G-List (when loading CERT, the hard disk will slow down)
8-Display log records of critical events
9-Display P-List (T when loading CER, slow down will slow down)
Clear SMART table commonly used N1
Common instructions for level 2:
Ех, у
Display / edit CERT log record
x-the log record number displayed, if not specified, the current log record will be displayed,
If x = 0, clear the current log record;
y-if there is input, only the part with error y is displayed
Commonly used E4E View SF log records
U release the spindle motor motor spin
Z Stop Spindle Motor Motor Stop
ÐÑ… select physical head x
Sx, y Forced positioning to cylinder x, head y
sx, y locate to cylinder x, head y
These instructions are needed when the instructions are closed.
Common instructions for class F:
Rx
Read system information
x = 1, read the defective track table;
x = 2, read the loaded adaptation data;
x = 4, read the Application code code
If no parameters are specified, read all system information,
After the command is executed, the hard disk remains at the original level F
R commands needed to backup APP
U release spindle motor
Z Stop spindle motor
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