When we talk about the process of label printing, we must also understand the basic structure of the adhesive material as a printing material and the function of each part. The structure of the self-adhesive material is composed of three parts: surface material, adhesive and backing paper. However, from the point of view of manufacturing process and quality assurance, the self-adhesive material consists of seven parts:
1, surface coating
Used to change the surface properties of the face material. Such as improving the surface tension, changing the color, adding a protective layer, etc., to make it more acceptable ink and easy to print, to prevent dirt, increase the adhesion of ink and to prevent the printing of graphics off. Surface coating is mainly used for non-absorbent materials, such as aluminum foil, aluminized paper and various film materials.
2, surface material
That is, the surface material is a material that accepts the printed graphic on the front side, receives the adhesive on the back side, and is finally applied to the attached article. In general, any flexible deformable material can be used as a self-adhesive material fabric, such as commonly used paper, film, composite foil, all kinds of textiles, thin metal sheet and rubber and so on. The type of face material depends on the final application and the printing process. Surface materials should be able to adapt to printing and printing, have a good ink, and have enough strength to accept a variety of processing, such as die cutting, waste, slitting, punching and labeling.
3, coating
The same as the surface coating, it is just coated on the back of the face material. The main purpose of the coating is:
(1) Protect surface material to prevent adhesive penetration.
(2) increase the opacity of the fabric;
(3) increase the adhesive force between the adhesive and the surface material;
(4) Prevent the plasticizer in the plastic surface material from penetrating into the adhesive, affecting its adhesive properties, resulting in a decrease in the adhesive force of the label and the label falling off.
4, adhesive
The adhesive is the medium between the label material and the bonding substrate and acts as a bonding agent. According to their characteristics can be divided into two kinds of permanent and removable. It has a variety of recipes for different face materials and different occasions. Adhesives are the most important ingredient in adhesive material technology and are key to the application of labeling technology.
5, release coating (coated silicon layer)
That is, the surface of the base paper is coated with a silicone oil layer. The application of the silicone oil can make the base paper a surface with a very low surface tension and a very smooth surface. The function is to prevent the adhesive from sticking to the base paper.
6, bottom paper
The role of the bottom paper is to receive the release agent coating, protect the adhesive on the back of the face material, support the face material, enable it to die cut, waste and labeling on the labeling machine.
7, back or back
Back coating is a protective coating on the back of the backing paper to prevent waste, and the adhesive around the rewinded label is attached to the backing paper. Another role is to make multilayer labels. The back printing function is to print the registered trademark or pattern of the manufacturer on the back side of the backing paper, which serves as a propaganda and anti-counterfeiting effect.
printing art
Now, we introduce the specific printing and processing technology of paper labels:
1, printing process flow
Different types of materials, labels for different purposes, the process used is also different.
The general label printing press is a multi-functional device, and the processing plant can formulate the printing processing technology according to the customer's requirements. Adhesive label printing process flow is as follows:
(1) Unwinding
A batch: No tension changes when the roll is unwound, so no adjustment is required. It is applied on the flat and round flat labeler, and the unwinding speed is slow. Due to the absence of paper positioning correction devices for such devices, it is required that the end face of the web be clean to ensure accurate overprinting during printing.
B continuous type: applied in the round transformation round label machine. Since the tension of the paper is changed when the diameter speed of the paper roll changes, this device has tension automatic or manual control mechanism, and web correction correcting device to ensure stable paper feeding and ensure printing quality.
(2) hot stamping
Flattening: It is used on round flat and flat labeling machines with low speed.
Round press circle: It is applied to the round press label printing machine. It is fast and can be used for continuous hot stamping. It is rarely used. Generally, the gold printing process is used instead of hot stamping.
(3) Printing
Flat applanation: Suitable for small areas, simple pattern printing, such as price tags, bar codes, etc.
Round flattening: For label printing with field, general pattern, simple color halftone printing.
Round press circle is suitable for all kinds of pattern label printing, especially for high-grade color mesh label printing.
UV printing: In the above three printing methods, plus UV drying, you can print thin film adhesive material.
(4) first hot stamping, printing
In the absence of UV drying equipment, the use of ordinary ink, the disadvantage is that the print design is limited.
(5) first printing, after hot stamping
It is applied to the equipment with UV drying device. After the ink is quickly dried, the ink is gilded on the ink. The bronzing pattern can be freely designed, and it is not limited by the ink. It is suitable for high-grade label printing and is an advanced production technology.
(6) Polishing
Field coating: Apply a layer of varnish on the surface of the ink to protect the ink layer, prevent moisture, waterproof, and improve the surface gloss. Instead of the lamination process, UV drying can be used.
(7) Fumo
The purpose of film laminating on paper or film material is to protect the ink, waterproof, moisture, increase the strength of the label, and increase the three-dimensional pattern. Duplex film is divided into bottomed paper laminating film and non-backed paper laminating film, which is generally adopted because of its low cost. According to the requirements of the process, there are two kinds of compound packaging machine, target=_blank, packaging machine, target=_blank, transparent film and matt film, and the former is more commonly used.
(8) Punching
Application is not universal, mainly used for computer printed labels. The requirement is to place a positioning drive hole on both sides of the tag, or a label applied on the price tag gun. It is required to make a hole in the middle of the tag for positioning and driving.
(9) Die-cutting
The die-cut of a sticker is a semi-cut process, which only cuts through the surface material and retains the backing paper. Divided into two processing methods:
Such as flat die cutting, suitable for all types of label printing presses, artificial plate, low cost, short plate-making cycle, but low viscosity, suitable for short live printing.
At present, almost all domestic label factories use flat die-cutting methods. The other is circular die-cutting, the application of a round pressure round label equipment, fast speed, high die-cutting viscosity, suitable for long-lived, the disadvantage is the large plate making cost, long cycle. At present, the domestic manufacturers of die-cutting rolls are generally processed abroad.
(10) Delivery
It can be roughly divided into cut sheet delivery and folding delivery.
2, paper label processing methods
(1) Sheets
In the printing method of such adhesive materials, offset printing accounted for 95%, embossing printing accounted for 2%, screen printing accounted for 2%, and computer and printing accounted for 1%. The self-adhesive label printing of sheet-fed paper is the same as that of ordinary prints, and each process is completed on a single machine. The production efficiency is low, and the cost is high, but the printing quality is good. If the offset printing process is adopted, the quality of the labels printed by the four colors is much better than that of similar products printed by the label printers. However, since the form of the self-adhesive sheet-fed printing product is a sheet of paper and cannot be rewound, such products are only hand-labeled and cannot be automatically labelled on an automatic labeling machine. Sheet-fed printing is suitable for large-area self-adhesive color prints. Such as posters, posters, large-area labels, etc., are not limited to label products. It can be said that self-adhesive sheet-fed printing is an important part of the adhesive printing industry.
(2) Web
In the printing method of web-type self-adhesive materials, currently, 97% of the printing area, 1% of screen printing, 1% of offset printing, and 1% of flexographic printing. Due to the use of web printing, all processes are completed on one machine, resulting in high production efficiency, low consumption, and low cost. At present, China's label printing presses are in the form of letterpress printing, with few functions. They are only suitable for printing simple color blocks, and labels with line patterns are not as good as those for sheetfed offset printing in terms of printing quality. However, the label processed by the web can be re-wound into a roll, which can be applied to automatic labeling machines, bar code printers, electronic scales and the like, and can be easily automated. Web printing stickers are currently the mainstream of adhesive printing in the world.
1, surface coating
Used to change the surface properties of the face material. Such as improving the surface tension, changing the color, adding a protective layer, etc., to make it more acceptable ink and easy to print, to prevent dirt, increase the adhesion of ink and to prevent the printing of graphics off. Surface coating is mainly used for non-absorbent materials, such as aluminum foil, aluminized paper and various film materials.
2, surface material
That is, the surface material is a material that accepts the printed graphic on the front side, receives the adhesive on the back side, and is finally applied to the attached article. In general, any flexible deformable material can be used as a self-adhesive material fabric, such as commonly used paper, film, composite foil, all kinds of textiles, thin metal sheet and rubber and so on. The type of face material depends on the final application and the printing process. Surface materials should be able to adapt to printing and printing, have a good ink, and have enough strength to accept a variety of processing, such as die cutting, waste, slitting, punching and labeling.
3, coating
The same as the surface coating, it is just coated on the back of the face material. The main purpose of the coating is:
(1) Protect surface material to prevent adhesive penetration.
(2) increase the opacity of the fabric;
(3) increase the adhesive force between the adhesive and the surface material;
(4) Prevent the plasticizer in the plastic surface material from penetrating into the adhesive, affecting its adhesive properties, resulting in a decrease in the adhesive force of the label and the label falling off.
4, adhesive
The adhesive is the medium between the label material and the bonding substrate and acts as a bonding agent. According to their characteristics can be divided into two kinds of permanent and removable. It has a variety of recipes for different face materials and different occasions. Adhesives are the most important ingredient in adhesive material technology and are key to the application of labeling technology.
5, release coating (coated silicon layer)
That is, the surface of the base paper is coated with a silicone oil layer. The application of the silicone oil can make the base paper a surface with a very low surface tension and a very smooth surface. The function is to prevent the adhesive from sticking to the base paper.
6, bottom paper
The role of the bottom paper is to receive the release agent coating, protect the adhesive on the back of the face material, support the face material, enable it to die cut, waste and labeling on the labeling machine.
7, back or back
Back coating is a protective coating on the back of the backing paper to prevent waste, and the adhesive around the rewinded label is attached to the backing paper. Another role is to make multilayer labels. The back printing function is to print the registered trademark or pattern of the manufacturer on the back side of the backing paper, which serves as a propaganda and anti-counterfeiting effect.
printing art
Now, we introduce the specific printing and processing technology of paper labels:
1, printing process flow
Different types of materials, labels for different purposes, the process used is also different.
The general label printing press is a multi-functional device, and the processing plant can formulate the printing processing technology according to the customer's requirements. Adhesive label printing process flow is as follows:
(1) Unwinding
A batch: No tension changes when the roll is unwound, so no adjustment is required. It is applied on the flat and round flat labeler, and the unwinding speed is slow. Due to the absence of paper positioning correction devices for such devices, it is required that the end face of the web be clean to ensure accurate overprinting during printing.
B continuous type: applied in the round transformation round label machine. Since the tension of the paper is changed when the diameter speed of the paper roll changes, this device has tension automatic or manual control mechanism, and web correction correcting device to ensure stable paper feeding and ensure printing quality.
(2) hot stamping
Flattening: It is used on round flat and flat labeling machines with low speed.
Round press circle: It is applied to the round press label printing machine. It is fast and can be used for continuous hot stamping. It is rarely used. Generally, the gold printing process is used instead of hot stamping.
(3) Printing
Flat applanation: Suitable for small areas, simple pattern printing, such as price tags, bar codes, etc.
Round flattening: For label printing with field, general pattern, simple color halftone printing.
Round press circle is suitable for all kinds of pattern label printing, especially for high-grade color mesh label printing.
UV printing: In the above three printing methods, plus UV drying, you can print thin film adhesive material.
(4) first hot stamping, printing
In the absence of UV drying equipment, the use of ordinary ink, the disadvantage is that the print design is limited.
(5) first printing, after hot stamping
It is applied to the equipment with UV drying device. After the ink is quickly dried, the ink is gilded on the ink. The bronzing pattern can be freely designed, and it is not limited by the ink. It is suitable for high-grade label printing and is an advanced production technology.
(6) Polishing
Field coating: Apply a layer of varnish on the surface of the ink to protect the ink layer, prevent moisture, waterproof, and improve the surface gloss. Instead of the lamination process, UV drying can be used.
(7) Fumo
The purpose of film laminating on paper or film material is to protect the ink, waterproof, moisture, increase the strength of the label, and increase the three-dimensional pattern. Duplex film is divided into bottomed paper laminating film and non-backed paper laminating film, which is generally adopted because of its low cost. According to the requirements of the process, there are two kinds of compound packaging machine, target=_blank, packaging machine, target=_blank, transparent film and matt film, and the former is more commonly used.
(8) Punching
Application is not universal, mainly used for computer printed labels. The requirement is to place a positioning drive hole on both sides of the tag, or a label applied on the price tag gun. It is required to make a hole in the middle of the tag for positioning and driving.
(9) Die-cutting
The die-cut of a sticker is a semi-cut process, which only cuts through the surface material and retains the backing paper. Divided into two processing methods:
Such as flat die cutting, suitable for all types of label printing presses, artificial plate, low cost, short plate-making cycle, but low viscosity, suitable for short live printing.
At present, almost all domestic label factories use flat die-cutting methods. The other is circular die-cutting, the application of a round pressure round label equipment, fast speed, high die-cutting viscosity, suitable for long-lived, the disadvantage is the large plate making cost, long cycle. At present, the domestic manufacturers of die-cutting rolls are generally processed abroad.
(10) Delivery
It can be roughly divided into cut sheet delivery and folding delivery.
2, paper label processing methods
(1) Sheets
In the printing method of such adhesive materials, offset printing accounted for 95%, embossing printing accounted for 2%, screen printing accounted for 2%, and computer and printing accounted for 1%. The self-adhesive label printing of sheet-fed paper is the same as that of ordinary prints, and each process is completed on a single machine. The production efficiency is low, and the cost is high, but the printing quality is good. If the offset printing process is adopted, the quality of the labels printed by the four colors is much better than that of similar products printed by the label printers. However, since the form of the self-adhesive sheet-fed printing product is a sheet of paper and cannot be rewound, such products are only hand-labeled and cannot be automatically labelled on an automatic labeling machine. Sheet-fed printing is suitable for large-area self-adhesive color prints. Such as posters, posters, large-area labels, etc., are not limited to label products. It can be said that self-adhesive sheet-fed printing is an important part of the adhesive printing industry.
(2) Web
In the printing method of web-type self-adhesive materials, currently, 97% of the printing area, 1% of screen printing, 1% of offset printing, and 1% of flexographic printing. Due to the use of web printing, all processes are completed on one machine, resulting in high production efficiency, low consumption, and low cost. At present, China's label printing presses are in the form of letterpress printing, with few functions. They are only suitable for printing simple color blocks, and labels with line patterns are not as good as those for sheetfed offset printing in terms of printing quality. However, the label processed by the web can be re-wound into a roll, which can be applied to automatic labeling machines, bar code printers, electronic scales and the like, and can be easily automated. Web printing stickers are currently the mainstream of adhesive printing in the world.
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