Research on Western Fitness Concept: "Lifestyle Fitness" Concept

1 Content and characteristics of the concept of “living fitness”

Lifestyle physical activity is a new concept of mass physical exercise that emerged in the United States in the last century. It was proposed by American scholar Dr. Andrea L. Dunn in 1998. It means: "In the daily life, the accumulated daily 30min, independent. Selective, medium-intensity physical activities (including leisure time sports, professional physical activity, and housework) totaled more than 450 mets per week.” This concept was presented by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), American disease. Accreditation by the Center for Prevention and Control (CDC) and authoritative official organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO).

Life Fitness has the following characteristics:

(1) The content of fitness exercise is “self-selected” rather than specified by others. These sports can be recreational sports, professional sports at work, or daily housework, as long as it reaches medium or above intensity;

(2) Participation in these self-selected sports can be planned in advance, or can be carried out according to environmental conditions without planning in advance, such as walking upstairs instead of taking the elevator, instead of driving an electric car by walking or riding a human bicycle. Or car;

(3) The amount of exercise per day can be accumulated by several "short-cycle movements of more than 10 minutes", not necessarily for a long period of continuous exercise. Life-based fitness has a significant effect on increasing exercise, preventing and controlling cardiovascular disease (CVD) in sedentary and underactive people.

2 The origin of the concept of “living fitness”

2.1 The early implementation of the "American Volkswagen Fitness Guide" is not obvious

The "American Volkswagen Fitness Guide" in the 1980s advocated "a large number of high-intensity endurance sports to enhance the 'physical fitness'", because scholars at the time generally believed that only a large number of high-intensity endurance sports had the best fitness effect. The US government also recognizes that fitness plays a positive role in improving people's health. Therefore, the Guideline was formulated and promulgated. The original intention is to guide more people to actively participate in scientific fitness exercises to improve health and reduce medical expenses. To improve the quality of life. However, the Public Health Survey conducted by the US Department of Health after the publication of the Guide shows that only 15% of the population can regularly engage in high-intensity fitness exercises as required by the Guide, and 60% of the population is under-exercised, of which 25% are fundamentally Do not exercise. The promulgation and implementation of the Guide failed to achieve the expected results of the US government, and the US mass sports situation is still very serious. The main reasons why people are not actively involved in fitness exercise are “no time”, “boring and boring”, “too tired” and “easy to get hurt”, and most people think that only a large number of high-intensity sports can be exercised, and high-intensity exercise is theirs. No choice. Therefore, scholars began to question whether it is only by carrying out a large number of high-intensity exercises to promote health, and to re-examine the scientific basis for sports to promote health and actively seek ways to resolve contradictions.

2.2 Scientific research laid the foundation for the concept of “living fitness”

2.2.1 Exercise intensity

Exercise intensity refers to the amount of exercise per unit time, ie: exercise intensity = exercise amount / exercise time. Exercise intensity is expressed as a percentage of function and can be determined based on the percentage of maximum oxygen uptake, the number of plums, the heart rate, the degree of conscious fatigue, and the like. Studies have shown that moderate-intensity physical activity can effectively prevent and control the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, promote cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health, and improve physical fitness, reduce high blood pressure, and increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. These studies strongly refuted the view of the early Guide: "Only strong exercise can be used for fitness, and high-intensity exercise is their best choice."

2.2.2 Sports content

Morris conducted an epidemiological study of 31,000 transportation company employees. The staff working on the double-decked stairs went up to 30% lower than the car driver, and the epidemiological study of postal employees and railway employees was the same. The conclusion.

Leon studied the relationship between the level of physical activity in leisure time and the incidence of coronary heart disease. Magnus studied the relationship between daily walking, cycling and housework and the incidence of myocardial infarction, and found these moderate-intensity and moderate daily physical activities. There was a significant negative correlation with the incidence of housework and cardiovascular disease. These studies confirm that professional sports, housework and daily exercise are good for health.

2.2.3 Duration of exercise

Ebisu T explored the effects of different exercise methods on oxygen uptake and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The subjects were randomly divided into three groups. One group ran 9.5km at a time, and one group ran 9.5km twice. One component ran for 9.5km three times a week for a total of 10 weeks. The results showed that the oxygen uptake was increased. There was no significant difference between the three groups. The high density of the subjects in the 9.5km group was three times. The lipoprotein cholesterol index was significantly improved. DeBusk explored the effect of exercise duration on exercise performance. Subjects were randomized into two groups, one group performed 30 minutes of continuous high-intensity exercise, and the other group performed three times of the same intensity exercise for 10 minutes each time. The maximal oxygen uptake of the subjects was significantly improved. In the power bicycle test, there was no significant difference in exercise duration, heart rate, and weight between the two groups.

These studies have shown that under the premise of constant exercise, the health effects of fractionated exercise can be accumulated, and people can perform it once or several times, and there is no difference in their health effects.