5. Influence of the transmission system
The main drive system of the die-cutting machine is driven by the motor to drive the worm and the worm gear. The transmission performance of the main drive system has a direct or indirect influence on the cutting speed and accuracy. The worm gear is a kind of gear, and the gear transmission has the characteristics of smooth transmission, strong bearing capacity, good thermal processability, and high efficiency. The most common transmission gears are spur gears and helical gears. Compared with the two, the helical gears have better stability and coincidence coefficient. At present, helical gears are widely used in die-cutting machines, but their pressure angles will affect the smoothness of their transmission. When the worm gear and the worm mesh at the indexing circle, the backlash between the gear teeth and the gear teeth is suitable, the worm gear is stable, the lubrication is sufficient, and the worm gear is in the best working condition. Otherwise, the backlash is too large, will make the worm gear drive unsteady, causing vibration; the backlash is too small, is not conducive to the flow of lubricating oil, accelerate the wear of the gear, when serious worm gear and worm will mesh "top teeth", affect the transmission Accuracy, in turn, affects die-cutting speed and accuracy.
6. Influence of pressure mechanism
Die cutting is done under pressure, so the most important mechanism of the die cutting machine is the pressure mechanism. At present, the most used pressure mechanism in China is a double toggle mechanism, which has a transmission characteristic that the active platform can reach the highest limit position (also referred to as “dead pointâ€) twice during one revolution of the crank. During die-cutting, the upper platform consisting of the upper plate frame and the die-cut plate does not move, and the lower platform gradually rises from the lowest point to the highest point through the main drive system and the toggle pressure mechanism and reciprocates. When the moving platform reaches the "dead-center", the die-cutting pressure is maximum. At this moment, the elbow is straight and the pressure will be transmitted to the base vertically. The connecting rod and the crank are not subjected to force, which effectively reduces the load peaks of the connecting rod and the crank. In order to ensure the quality of die-cutting, the entire platform should be stressed evenly when pressurized. Therefore, the working surfaces of the upper and lower platforms must be parallel. Therefore, the reasonable design and optimization of the length of the components are particularly important. If the design is unreasonable, unfavorable factors such as non-uniform die-cutting pressure and excessive idle stroke will affect the speed and accuracy of die-cutting.
7. Influence of die-cutting plate, die cutter and rubber strip
The die-cutting mechanism is the core of the die-cutting machine, and the die-cutting plate and the die-cutting knife and the indentation line are the basic parts of the die-cutting. To ensure high-precision die cutting, it is necessary to use high-quality die-cutting plates, die-cutting knives, and indentation lines.
Good die-cut media requires uniform density, light weight, high hardness, good flexibility, ease of processing, good flatness, strong, not easily deformed. And require die cutter, indentation line embedded die-cut version of the performance is reliable and stable, can ensure that the replacement die cutter, indentation line after the new die cutter, indentation line can still be combined with the die-cut version. At present, most domestic large and medium-sized printing companies use laser die-cutting indentation plates. Although this plate is simple and convenient for loading, it is subject to deformation due to changes in ambient temperature and humidity, which affects the accuracy of die-cutting. In addition, due to the relatively large die-cutting pressure, if the size of the layout is too large and the version of the plate is not used or the plate is not firmly mounted, lateral movement of the plate can easily occur during the production process. In addition, under the great pressure, the horizontal version of the plate may be deformed, and the die-cutting blades are liable to be bent and other undesirable phenomena, resulting in changes in the specifications of the die-cutting plate and affecting the precision of die-cutting.
With the advent of packaging materials, product diversification and unique packaging designs, high-quality die cutters for different die-cutting materials have become a necessary condition for ensuring die-cutting accuracy. The quality of the die cutter mainly depends on the sharpness of the knife edge, the height error of the entire knife, and the situation of the big knife bend. The sharper the knife edge, the smaller the height error of the entire knife, and the smaller the knife bending, the better the quality of the cutting knife. In addition, the thickness of the die cutter must be uniform, and the uneven thickness or beyond the error range will cause the insert to be difficult, deformed, or the cutting line too loose, which will affect the precision of die cutting. The height of the die cutter varies depending on the die-cut packaging material. For example, when the packaging material is a double corrugated paperboard, a peak knife is used; when the packaging material is a single corrugated paperboard, a cardboard, or a thinner paper, the low-peak knife has good stability.
In order to ensure the smooth running of paper, it is necessary to stick a rubber strip at the main knife line, and use the elastic restoring force of the rubber strip to push the printed product from the knife to prevent the printing material from sticking during die-cutting and indentation. When selecting a rubber strip, its height and thickness should be determined according to different products. Usually the height of the rubber strip is about 1~3mm higher than the die-cutting blade, and the specific height should be determined depending on the printing materials. If the rubber strip is too high, the rubber strip may easily hit the warped paper surface when the pressure is applied, causing the paper to shift and cause die cutting inaccuracy. In addition, the hardness of the rubber strip should also be moderate. If the rubber strip is too hard, the die-cutting knife will have a large compressive force when die-cutting, which will cause the knife-edge deformation and affect the product quality; if the hardness of the rubber strip is too small, the rebound force Insufficient, may cause "stencil" or "scattered". Therefore, the thickness and height of the rubber strip should be reasonably selected according to the printing materials, and the rubber strip should be pasted in an appropriate position to ensure that the elastic force is moderate and the adverse effect on the precision of the cutting is reduced.
There are many factors that affect the speed and accuracy of die-cutting. To improve die-cutting speed and accuracy and the stability and reliability of the die-cutting machine, in addition to optimizing the mechanism for designing parts, precision machining of parts and components, and the rational selection of the basis for each part Outside the material, the ideal assembly accuracy is also crucial to improve the stability and reliability of the complete machine.
In addition, the accuracy of equipment installation and commissioning also directly affects its production speed, product quality, stability and reliability. Improper installation and debugging will not only reduce the speed and accuracy of the whole machine, but also bring unexpected consequences and troubles to actual production. Therefore, it must be given enough attention. The quality of machine installation and commissioning is related to the actual operator. Therefore, it is necessary to actively train employees and improve their quality and technical level.
Source: "Printing Technology" special edition packaging and decoration
The main drive system of the die-cutting machine is driven by the motor to drive the worm and the worm gear. The transmission performance of the main drive system has a direct or indirect influence on the cutting speed and accuracy. The worm gear is a kind of gear, and the gear transmission has the characteristics of smooth transmission, strong bearing capacity, good thermal processability, and high efficiency. The most common transmission gears are spur gears and helical gears. Compared with the two, the helical gears have better stability and coincidence coefficient. At present, helical gears are widely used in die-cutting machines, but their pressure angles will affect the smoothness of their transmission. When the worm gear and the worm mesh at the indexing circle, the backlash between the gear teeth and the gear teeth is suitable, the worm gear is stable, the lubrication is sufficient, and the worm gear is in the best working condition. Otherwise, the backlash is too large, will make the worm gear drive unsteady, causing vibration; the backlash is too small, is not conducive to the flow of lubricating oil, accelerate the wear of the gear, when serious worm gear and worm will mesh "top teeth", affect the transmission Accuracy, in turn, affects die-cutting speed and accuracy.
6. Influence of pressure mechanism
Die cutting is done under pressure, so the most important mechanism of the die cutting machine is the pressure mechanism. At present, the most used pressure mechanism in China is a double toggle mechanism, which has a transmission characteristic that the active platform can reach the highest limit position (also referred to as “dead pointâ€) twice during one revolution of the crank. During die-cutting, the upper platform consisting of the upper plate frame and the die-cut plate does not move, and the lower platform gradually rises from the lowest point to the highest point through the main drive system and the toggle pressure mechanism and reciprocates. When the moving platform reaches the "dead-center", the die-cutting pressure is maximum. At this moment, the elbow is straight and the pressure will be transmitted to the base vertically. The connecting rod and the crank are not subjected to force, which effectively reduces the load peaks of the connecting rod and the crank. In order to ensure the quality of die-cutting, the entire platform should be stressed evenly when pressurized. Therefore, the working surfaces of the upper and lower platforms must be parallel. Therefore, the reasonable design and optimization of the length of the components are particularly important. If the design is unreasonable, unfavorable factors such as non-uniform die-cutting pressure and excessive idle stroke will affect the speed and accuracy of die-cutting.
7. Influence of die-cutting plate, die cutter and rubber strip
The die-cutting mechanism is the core of the die-cutting machine, and the die-cutting plate and the die-cutting knife and the indentation line are the basic parts of the die-cutting. To ensure high-precision die cutting, it is necessary to use high-quality die-cutting plates, die-cutting knives, and indentation lines.
Good die-cut media requires uniform density, light weight, high hardness, good flexibility, ease of processing, good flatness, strong, not easily deformed. And require die cutter, indentation line embedded die-cut version of the performance is reliable and stable, can ensure that the replacement die cutter, indentation line after the new die cutter, indentation line can still be combined with the die-cut version. At present, most domestic large and medium-sized printing companies use laser die-cutting indentation plates. Although this plate is simple and convenient for loading, it is subject to deformation due to changes in ambient temperature and humidity, which affects the accuracy of die-cutting. In addition, due to the relatively large die-cutting pressure, if the size of the layout is too large and the version of the plate is not used or the plate is not firmly mounted, lateral movement of the plate can easily occur during the production process. In addition, under the great pressure, the horizontal version of the plate may be deformed, and the die-cutting blades are liable to be bent and other undesirable phenomena, resulting in changes in the specifications of the die-cutting plate and affecting the precision of die-cutting.
With the advent of packaging materials, product diversification and unique packaging designs, high-quality die cutters for different die-cutting materials have become a necessary condition for ensuring die-cutting accuracy. The quality of the die cutter mainly depends on the sharpness of the knife edge, the height error of the entire knife, and the situation of the big knife bend. The sharper the knife edge, the smaller the height error of the entire knife, and the smaller the knife bending, the better the quality of the cutting knife. In addition, the thickness of the die cutter must be uniform, and the uneven thickness or beyond the error range will cause the insert to be difficult, deformed, or the cutting line too loose, which will affect the precision of die cutting. The height of the die cutter varies depending on the die-cut packaging material. For example, when the packaging material is a double corrugated paperboard, a peak knife is used; when the packaging material is a single corrugated paperboard, a cardboard, or a thinner paper, the low-peak knife has good stability.
In order to ensure the smooth running of paper, it is necessary to stick a rubber strip at the main knife line, and use the elastic restoring force of the rubber strip to push the printed product from the knife to prevent the printing material from sticking during die-cutting and indentation. When selecting a rubber strip, its height and thickness should be determined according to different products. Usually the height of the rubber strip is about 1~3mm higher than the die-cutting blade, and the specific height should be determined depending on the printing materials. If the rubber strip is too high, the rubber strip may easily hit the warped paper surface when the pressure is applied, causing the paper to shift and cause die cutting inaccuracy. In addition, the hardness of the rubber strip should also be moderate. If the rubber strip is too hard, the die-cutting knife will have a large compressive force when die-cutting, which will cause the knife-edge deformation and affect the product quality; if the hardness of the rubber strip is too small, the rebound force Insufficient, may cause "stencil" or "scattered". Therefore, the thickness and height of the rubber strip should be reasonably selected according to the printing materials, and the rubber strip should be pasted in an appropriate position to ensure that the elastic force is moderate and the adverse effect on the precision of the cutting is reduced.
There are many factors that affect the speed and accuracy of die-cutting. To improve die-cutting speed and accuracy and the stability and reliability of the die-cutting machine, in addition to optimizing the mechanism for designing parts, precision machining of parts and components, and the rational selection of the basis for each part Outside the material, the ideal assembly accuracy is also crucial to improve the stability and reliability of the complete machine.
In addition, the accuracy of equipment installation and commissioning also directly affects its production speed, product quality, stability and reliability. Improper installation and debugging will not only reduce the speed and accuracy of the whole machine, but also bring unexpected consequences and troubles to actual production. Therefore, it must be given enough attention. The quality of machine installation and commissioning is related to the actual operator. Therefore, it is necessary to actively train employees and improve their quality and technical level.
Source: "Printing Technology" special edition packaging and decoration
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