1. Introduction to quantitative analysis tools
There are many kinds of mathematical statistics tools that can be used to quantitatively analyze the data collected during the production process of printed products. Generally, the most common ones are arrangement charts, causal maps, and statistical tables. Before applying these quantitative analysis tools, let's first take a look at the definition and scope of these tools.
(1) arrangement chart
The arrangement diagram is a simple graphic technique used to arrange the items from the highest to the lowest frequency, and is generally used as a main cause for finding major problems or affecting quality. It consists of two ordinates, one abscissa, several rectangles arranged in order of height, and a cumulative percentage line. The arrangement diagram is represented by a double Cartesian coordinate system, the left ordinate represents the frequency, the right ordinate represents the frequency, the analysis line represents the cumulative frequency, and the abscissa represents the factors affecting the quality, according to the degree of influence (ie the frequency of occurrence) Arrange from left to right. Through the observation and analysis of the arrangement diagram, the main factors affecting quality can be grasped.
Figure 1 arrangement diagram (2) causal map
A causal map is a tool used to analyze quality characteristics (results) and factors (causes) that may affect quality characteristics. In the quality analysis, the causal analysis graph can be used to visually represent the thinking process of the problem, and it can be used to analyze the problem to achieve the effect of step by step. That is to say, the causal map can be used to first find out the major causes of the quality problem, and then find the middle cause behind the big cause, and then find out the small cause and the smaller cause from the reason, and finally find out the main direct cause. This systematic and layer-by-layer analysis clearly shows the relationship between "cause-result" and "means-goal", so that the context of the problem is fully revealed. The application of causal maps for quality problem analysis generally has the following steps: determining the problem to be analyzed, analyzing the drawing, and finding out the main reasons. The basic format of the causal map consists of three parts: characteristics, causes, and branches.
Figure 2 Causal diagram (3) Statistical table
The statistical table mentioned here summarizes the analysis of the arrangement diagram and the causal diagram, summarizes the problems that arise, the causes of the problems, and the solutions, and then establishes a statistical analysis table for each type of problem. This will form a guide to subsequent production.
Through the understanding of the analysis tools such as arrangement diagram and causal diagram, we find that the alignment diagram is a tool to find out the main factors affecting the quality problem; and the causal diagram is a corresponding analysis of these factors to find out the tools that affect the causes of these factors. It can be said that the arrangement diagram is a global analysis of the cause. The causal diagram is a detailed analysis of the individual items of the focus, and the statistical table is a tool for summarizing these reasons and the analysis results.
2, case analysis
After understanding the definition and scope of use of quantitative analysis tools, it is necessary to take quantitative analysis tools for specific problems for quantitative analysis. The following examples are given.
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