Prevention of frostbite and its simple treatment in cold regions

Frostbite is the most common local injury in people who are in danger in cold regions. Local frostbite itself is not fatal, but its consequences are extremely serious. Among those who lost their lives in many cold regions, they lost their ability to move due to frostbite, were unable to perform various survival activities, and finally died of hypothermia. In fact, frost damage can be avoided or mitigated as long as the persons in distress take appropriate preventive measures. It should be known that preventing frostbite is much easier than treating frostbite and must be prevented before it can occur. Methods as below:

· Local frostbite has no obvious feeling in the initial stage. Therefore, the frostbite should be closely observed. If there are more than two people, you can observe each other's face for white spots.

• It is best to use a cloth to surround the neck and face, and tighten the cuffs and trousers to prevent wind and snow from entering. When you are tired and hungry, you should never sit on the snow. You may sit still and you may never get up.

• To prevent frostbite, it is necessary to move facial muscles in time, such as frowning, squeezing, and licking, and rubbing your face, ears, and nose with your hands. Special attention should be paid to the drying of footwear and socks, which should be changed or dried in a timely manner, because it is most prone to frostbite in wet conditions.

The simple treatment of frostbite

• If you find that the skin has redness, whiteness, cold, hard hair and other phenomena, use hand or dry flannel friction injury, promote blood circulation, reduce frostbite. Mild frostbite can be effectively treated with rubbish sparkling wine. In the event of body freezing and freezing, do not immediately bring the injured person to a warm place. Rub the limb first, and then do artificial respiration. After the injured recover consciousness, go to a warmer place to rescue.

• In the event of frostbite, avoid using frozen snow to rub frostbite, because it will emit more body heat to make frostbite worse.

• Injured hands can be warmed under the armpits, and frostbite feet can be warmed under the arms of the companion or under the armpits.

· If possible, re-warm in water at about 43°C. When the water temperature is too low, the effect is not good. When the temperature exceeds 49°C, it may cause burns.

• The faster the rewarming speed, the better. The best rejuvenation time is 5 to 7 minutes, and no more than 20 minutes at the latest. Rewarming too late may increase late complications.