With the progress of human civilization and the development of social economy, "green" and "environmental protection" have gradually become the common voice of the world. Green mountains and waters, fresh air, and natural non-toxic foods have all once belonged to human beings. However, with the establishment and long-term development of industrialized societies, various industrial and agricultural pollutions that are opposed to “green†and “environmental protection†have flooded every corner. . People in a commercialized society are in constant contact with various kinds of commodity packaging. Commodity packaging inevitably faces the "green tide."
The concept of green packaging "Green packaging" is a new concept derived from the progress of society. It is a manifestation of human civilization. Green packaging refers to packaging that is harmless to the ecological environment and human health, can be reused and recycled, and conforms to the strategy of sustainable development. It is also called ecological packaging. From a technical point of view, green packaging refers to an environment-friendly packaging that uses natural plants and related minerals as raw materials to develop a harmless environment, human health, recycling, degradation, and sustainable development. In other words, its packaging products from the selection of raw materials, product manufacturing, use and disposal of the entire life cycle, should meet the requirements of ecological and environmental protection.
The means of green packaging To achieve the purpose of green packaging, we should start with green packaging materials and packaging design.
1. The green packaging material The degradable material is a kind of green packaging material worthy of further research and development. After the material is used, it will gradually decompose and reduce in the natural environment under the action of photosynthesis or microorganisms in the soil and water. The poisonous form re-enters the ecological environment and returns to nature. For example, a French dairy company uses an extract from sugar beet to mix with minerals to create an ecological package.
There are several types of green packaging materials: 1 Edible packaging materials: Edible packaging based on plant polysaccharides or animal polysaccharides mainly includes starch film, modified cellulose film, animal and vegetable adhesive film, and chitosan film.
2 Degradable plastic: refers to a plastic that changes its chemical structure in a specific environment that causes performance loss. The biodegradable plastic packaging material has both the functions and characteristics of traditional plastics, and can be degraded and reduced in the natural environment through the action of ultraviolet rays in the sunlight or microorganisms in the soil and water after the service life is completed, and finally enters in a non-toxic form. ecosystem.
3 Reusable and reusable packaging materials: Packagings such as beer and beverages are packaged in glass bottles and can be used repeatedly. If the PET bottle is recycled, it can be regenerated in two ways.
4 Paper Material: The raw materials of paper are mainly natural plant fibers, which will quickly rot in nature, will not pollute the environment, and can also be recycled for papermaking. Many international companies now use recycled paper for the production of annual reports and publicity materials. They use recycled paper to make letter paper and letter paper to reflect their green focus on the environment and establish a good corporate image. Paper materials also include pulp injection molding parts, composite materials, building materials and many other uses. Pulp molded products not only have the advantages of light weight, low cost and shock resistance, but also have good air permeability.
The development and development of green packaging materials has greatly reduced the use of non-degradable packaging materials, relieved the pressure on the ecological environment to a certain extent, reduced the depletion of increasingly exhausted petroleum resources, reduced environmental pollution, and also solved the international prohibition. The use of non-degradable packaging materials and restrictions imposed on our export commodities. The extensive use of green packaging materials is of great significance both from the perspective of the protection of the earth, from the overall perspective of the sustained and healthy development of the national economy, and from the perspective of high-tech packaging materials. Although there are still some problems with green packaging materials, such as poor material thermoplasticity, high cost, complicated production process, unstable products, narrow application range, and potential hazards associated with food contact packaging materials, we have reason to believe that With cross-infiltration of disciplines such as environmental science, biochemistry, and polymer chemistry, these problems will be gradually solved.
2. Packaging design In the packaging design process, the use of materials in an accurate and reasonable manner, together with the improved creativity, can also play a decisive role in the development of green packaging. In addition, when designing, saving materials is also one of the contents of green packaging. If a package overemphasizes the structure and uses layers of wrappers and boxes, it is intended to emphasize the quality of the product packaging. Despite the exquisite decoration techniques and high design tastes, waste of materials is not worth promoting. Moreover, in the design language, more emphasis should be placed on promoting information on environmental protection and creating a green packaging atmosphere among patterns, names, colors, and characters.
In short, in terms of packaging design, materials selection, structure and function, production process, packaging methods, storage and transportation methods, product use, and waste disposal should be taken into consideration. All aspects should refer to the use of resources, environmental impact, and solutions. In the design, the principle of economy is always used throughout. The energy consumption is as low as possible, disassembly is easy, and the materials and components can be recycled.
The “green†packaging printing in packaging and printing is an integral part of the packaging industry and is also facing an environmental protection issue. “Green printing†is a new concept that has frequently appeared in the printing industry in recent years to follow the trend of environmental protection in the world.
Traditional gravure printing inks used in packaging and printing contain harmful solvents that are harmful to the human body. They not only directly harm the health of workers in gravure printing plants, but also cause certain pollution to the products packed in printed packaging products. This is a serious problem that needs to be solved urgently in the packaging and printing industry. The use of flexo instead of gravure should be a trend, and actively developing and developing water-based inks as alternatives to solvent-based inks is also a major approach.
In the past 10 years or more, flexographic printing has emerged in the field of packaging and printing at home and abroad. Apart from the technical advantages of flexographic printing, one of the most important factors is the adaptability to the requirements of environmental protection and green packaging, which can be widely used. Poison, no residual solvents, no environmental pollution inks and UV inks.
Today, flexo printing technology has achieved a clear technological breakthrough. The wide, medium and narrow flexo presses have taken a step towards high speed and versatility. In particular, the continuous innovation and development of printing plate materials, substrates and inks, and ink and ink manufacturing technologies have enabled flexographic technology to be used in trademarks and papers. , folding cartons and corrugated box printing have a broad space for development. The application of direct digital laser engraving technology in flexo platemaking has created a seamless version, which has made flexographic technology a big step forward. The seamless version is suitable for printing multi-functional flexographic production lines of various composite materials. It can also perform rotary screen and UV flexo coating and rotary bronzing. It also made flexo-printed substrates from cow cardboard, whiteboard, coated paper and newsprint to cellophane, confectionery, gold, silver, and aluminum foil.
The development of flexographic inks has experienced different phases of aniline inks, solvent inks, alcohol-soluble inks, water-based inks, and UV inks. The application of water-based inks and UV inks has added wings to flexo printing for green packaging services.
The application of flexo printing in the packaging industry has become increasingly widespread. According to statistics from authoritative organizations, flexo printing accounts for approximately 70% of the packaging market in Europe, while offset and gravure each account for 15%. The French market statistics are similar: 67% for flexo, 18% for gravure and 15% for offset. Flexo has long dominated the corrugated packaging and bag market, and its share in flexible packaging has also grown. The current European market situation is: the ratio of flexo to gravure is about 60 to 40. Flexographic printing is expected to have more room for growth in folding cartons and folding cartons. Such packaging currently uses offset printing methods. At the same time, the expanding trend of flexo printing will also affect various narrow-web printing areas, including Adhesive labels, etc.
Water-based inks generally consist of insoluble pigments, water-soluble or water-dispersible resins, pure water, and small amounts of ethanol and additives. Its greatest feature is that it significantly reduces the emission of organic volatiles (VOC) into the atmosphere, thus preventing air pollution and improving the printing operation environment. It can completely eliminate the harmful effects of certain harmful substances in solvent-based inks and the contamination of packaged goods. Particularly suitable for printing food, beverages, pharmaceuticals and other packaging products.
Because the main solvent used for water-soluble inks is water instead of organic solvents, the core of the water-based ink, the binder, is mainly composed of an aqueous resin, which is the main difference between it and solvent inks and alcohol-soluble inks. The main components of water-based inks are special colorants, water-based binders and defoamers and other additives. Water-based ink technology is the key to the formation of water-soluble resin, and now the main formula is polyvinyl alcohol, methyl cellulose, latex, acrylic resin, rosin resin, water-based amino resin. Water-based inks are distinguished by their low viscosity, high concentration and fast drying. It is its low-viscosity fluid properties that promote the ink's good transfer performance. A flexo printer can use a single anilox roller to complete complex ink transfer and ink transfer processes. Due to the quick-drying, water-resistant, and fast drying speeds of flexographic inks, trapping overprinting has no adverse effects and failures, and is particularly suitable for high-speed printing of absorptive or non-absorbent substrates.
In addition, from a printing point of view, new international printing technologies and new breakthroughs that can be used for “green printing†services are also emerging, such as the CTP technology that has been in full swing in the printing industry in the past two years. Great reduction, and avoid the pollution of various potions. Since the photographic technique utilizes the electro-optical phenomena in solids, the method of forming images by means of physical processes eliminates the use of inks and solvents, thereby reducing the environmental pollution. Dust-jet printing is a direct printing method in which toner is directly ejected onto a recording medium such as paper, and it is possible to quickly obtain stable high-definition prints under low-cost conditions. Dusting has attracted attention due to its color misalignment, multi-step gray scale, high-speed printing, and low cost.
Main measures for developed countries to develop green packaging At present, the international green packaging system has become one of the main contents of setting up green standards in developed countries. According to relevant systems, developed countries have adopted measures in the past decade to formulate laws and directives concerning specific packaging that contain clear environmental protection measures, mainly in the following categories:
1 Prohibition of the use of certain packaging materials by legislation: For example, legislation prohibits the use of packaging materials containing components such as lead, mercury and copper, appliances that cannot be reused, and packaging materials that do not achieve a specific recycling ratio.
2 Establishing a Storage Refund System: Many countries stipulate that alcohol-containing beverages and soft drinks should all use reusable containers. Some countries (such as Denmark) require that they refuse to import if they cannot meet this standard.
3 The implementation of tax incentives or fines: that is, manufacturers of packaging materials are given tax exemptions, low tax concessions, or higher taxes in accordance with whether they produce the raw materials for packaging or whether the packaging used is safe or partially use recycled packaging materials. To encourage the use of renewable resources.
Vigorously develop China's green packaging industry 1. Accelerating technological innovation and developing new materials, new processes and new products are the key to development. Looking at the course of economic development in various countries, the company's own innovation capability is always the ultimate driving force for economic development. China's green packaging If the industry wants to achieve rapid development, it cannot ignore the important role of the company in the use and invention of new technologies. Of course, this needs to improve the laws concerning the protection of technological patents and fundamentally motivate the enthusiasm of corporate inventions and creations.
2. To strengthen legal construction We must, in accordance with international practice, establish and improve our country's environmental labeling system and carry out certification work at a high starting point. In the course of economic development, western countries have experienced the stage of “pollution first and then governanceâ€, which reminds other countries not to take such old roads again, but to minimize pollution while the economy grows, and this Need to establish and improve laws on environmental protection.
3. Giving Government Support Given that there is a gap between China's industry development level and the developed countries, in the process of China's participation in international competition, there is no doubt that the government should give appropriate support to the industry. Of course, the government should follow the principle of focusing on economic means and give certain preferential policies on environmental governance, taxation, and credit. At the same time, it allows enterprises to form a good mechanism for the introduction of advanced technologies and to achieve compliance with standards, and give full play to the initiative of the company.
The concept of green packaging "Green packaging" is a new concept derived from the progress of society. It is a manifestation of human civilization. Green packaging refers to packaging that is harmless to the ecological environment and human health, can be reused and recycled, and conforms to the strategy of sustainable development. It is also called ecological packaging. From a technical point of view, green packaging refers to an environment-friendly packaging that uses natural plants and related minerals as raw materials to develop a harmless environment, human health, recycling, degradation, and sustainable development. In other words, its packaging products from the selection of raw materials, product manufacturing, use and disposal of the entire life cycle, should meet the requirements of ecological and environmental protection.
The means of green packaging To achieve the purpose of green packaging, we should start with green packaging materials and packaging design.
1. The green packaging material The degradable material is a kind of green packaging material worthy of further research and development. After the material is used, it will gradually decompose and reduce in the natural environment under the action of photosynthesis or microorganisms in the soil and water. The poisonous form re-enters the ecological environment and returns to nature. For example, a French dairy company uses an extract from sugar beet to mix with minerals to create an ecological package.
There are several types of green packaging materials: 1 Edible packaging materials: Edible packaging based on plant polysaccharides or animal polysaccharides mainly includes starch film, modified cellulose film, animal and vegetable adhesive film, and chitosan film.
2 Degradable plastic: refers to a plastic that changes its chemical structure in a specific environment that causes performance loss. The biodegradable plastic packaging material has both the functions and characteristics of traditional plastics, and can be degraded and reduced in the natural environment through the action of ultraviolet rays in the sunlight or microorganisms in the soil and water after the service life is completed, and finally enters in a non-toxic form. ecosystem.
3 Reusable and reusable packaging materials: Packagings such as beer and beverages are packaged in glass bottles and can be used repeatedly. If the PET bottle is recycled, it can be regenerated in two ways.
4 Paper Material: The raw materials of paper are mainly natural plant fibers, which will quickly rot in nature, will not pollute the environment, and can also be recycled for papermaking. Many international companies now use recycled paper for the production of annual reports and publicity materials. They use recycled paper to make letter paper and letter paper to reflect their green focus on the environment and establish a good corporate image. Paper materials also include pulp injection molding parts, composite materials, building materials and many other uses. Pulp molded products not only have the advantages of light weight, low cost and shock resistance, but also have good air permeability.
The development and development of green packaging materials has greatly reduced the use of non-degradable packaging materials, relieved the pressure on the ecological environment to a certain extent, reduced the depletion of increasingly exhausted petroleum resources, reduced environmental pollution, and also solved the international prohibition. The use of non-degradable packaging materials and restrictions imposed on our export commodities. The extensive use of green packaging materials is of great significance both from the perspective of the protection of the earth, from the overall perspective of the sustained and healthy development of the national economy, and from the perspective of high-tech packaging materials. Although there are still some problems with green packaging materials, such as poor material thermoplasticity, high cost, complicated production process, unstable products, narrow application range, and potential hazards associated with food contact packaging materials, we have reason to believe that With cross-infiltration of disciplines such as environmental science, biochemistry, and polymer chemistry, these problems will be gradually solved.
2. Packaging design In the packaging design process, the use of materials in an accurate and reasonable manner, together with the improved creativity, can also play a decisive role in the development of green packaging. In addition, when designing, saving materials is also one of the contents of green packaging. If a package overemphasizes the structure and uses layers of wrappers and boxes, it is intended to emphasize the quality of the product packaging. Despite the exquisite decoration techniques and high design tastes, waste of materials is not worth promoting. Moreover, in the design language, more emphasis should be placed on promoting information on environmental protection and creating a green packaging atmosphere among patterns, names, colors, and characters.
In short, in terms of packaging design, materials selection, structure and function, production process, packaging methods, storage and transportation methods, product use, and waste disposal should be taken into consideration. All aspects should refer to the use of resources, environmental impact, and solutions. In the design, the principle of economy is always used throughout. The energy consumption is as low as possible, disassembly is easy, and the materials and components can be recycled.
The “green†packaging printing in packaging and printing is an integral part of the packaging industry and is also facing an environmental protection issue. “Green printing†is a new concept that has frequently appeared in the printing industry in recent years to follow the trend of environmental protection in the world.
Traditional gravure printing inks used in packaging and printing contain harmful solvents that are harmful to the human body. They not only directly harm the health of workers in gravure printing plants, but also cause certain pollution to the products packed in printed packaging products. This is a serious problem that needs to be solved urgently in the packaging and printing industry. The use of flexo instead of gravure should be a trend, and actively developing and developing water-based inks as alternatives to solvent-based inks is also a major approach.
In the past 10 years or more, flexographic printing has emerged in the field of packaging and printing at home and abroad. Apart from the technical advantages of flexographic printing, one of the most important factors is the adaptability to the requirements of environmental protection and green packaging, which can be widely used. Poison, no residual solvents, no environmental pollution inks and UV inks.
Today, flexo printing technology has achieved a clear technological breakthrough. The wide, medium and narrow flexo presses have taken a step towards high speed and versatility. In particular, the continuous innovation and development of printing plate materials, substrates and inks, and ink and ink manufacturing technologies have enabled flexographic technology to be used in trademarks and papers. , folding cartons and corrugated box printing have a broad space for development. The application of direct digital laser engraving technology in flexo platemaking has created a seamless version, which has made flexographic technology a big step forward. The seamless version is suitable for printing multi-functional flexographic production lines of various composite materials. It can also perform rotary screen and UV flexo coating and rotary bronzing. It also made flexo-printed substrates from cow cardboard, whiteboard, coated paper and newsprint to cellophane, confectionery, gold, silver, and aluminum foil.
The development of flexographic inks has experienced different phases of aniline inks, solvent inks, alcohol-soluble inks, water-based inks, and UV inks. The application of water-based inks and UV inks has added wings to flexo printing for green packaging services.
The application of flexo printing in the packaging industry has become increasingly widespread. According to statistics from authoritative organizations, flexo printing accounts for approximately 70% of the packaging market in Europe, while offset and gravure each account for 15%. The French market statistics are similar: 67% for flexo, 18% for gravure and 15% for offset. Flexo has long dominated the corrugated packaging and bag market, and its share in flexible packaging has also grown. The current European market situation is: the ratio of flexo to gravure is about 60 to 40. Flexographic printing is expected to have more room for growth in folding cartons and folding cartons. Such packaging currently uses offset printing methods. At the same time, the expanding trend of flexo printing will also affect various narrow-web printing areas, including Adhesive labels, etc.
Water-based inks generally consist of insoluble pigments, water-soluble or water-dispersible resins, pure water, and small amounts of ethanol and additives. Its greatest feature is that it significantly reduces the emission of organic volatiles (VOC) into the atmosphere, thus preventing air pollution and improving the printing operation environment. It can completely eliminate the harmful effects of certain harmful substances in solvent-based inks and the contamination of packaged goods. Particularly suitable for printing food, beverages, pharmaceuticals and other packaging products.
Because the main solvent used for water-soluble inks is water instead of organic solvents, the core of the water-based ink, the binder, is mainly composed of an aqueous resin, which is the main difference between it and solvent inks and alcohol-soluble inks. The main components of water-based inks are special colorants, water-based binders and defoamers and other additives. Water-based ink technology is the key to the formation of water-soluble resin, and now the main formula is polyvinyl alcohol, methyl cellulose, latex, acrylic resin, rosin resin, water-based amino resin. Water-based inks are distinguished by their low viscosity, high concentration and fast drying. It is its low-viscosity fluid properties that promote the ink's good transfer performance. A flexo printer can use a single anilox roller to complete complex ink transfer and ink transfer processes. Due to the quick-drying, water-resistant, and fast drying speeds of flexographic inks, trapping overprinting has no adverse effects and failures, and is particularly suitable for high-speed printing of absorptive or non-absorbent substrates.
In addition, from a printing point of view, new international printing technologies and new breakthroughs that can be used for “green printing†services are also emerging, such as the CTP technology that has been in full swing in the printing industry in the past two years. Great reduction, and avoid the pollution of various potions. Since the photographic technique utilizes the electro-optical phenomena in solids, the method of forming images by means of physical processes eliminates the use of inks and solvents, thereby reducing the environmental pollution. Dust-jet printing is a direct printing method in which toner is directly ejected onto a recording medium such as paper, and it is possible to quickly obtain stable high-definition prints under low-cost conditions. Dusting has attracted attention due to its color misalignment, multi-step gray scale, high-speed printing, and low cost.
Main measures for developed countries to develop green packaging At present, the international green packaging system has become one of the main contents of setting up green standards in developed countries. According to relevant systems, developed countries have adopted measures in the past decade to formulate laws and directives concerning specific packaging that contain clear environmental protection measures, mainly in the following categories:
1 Prohibition of the use of certain packaging materials by legislation: For example, legislation prohibits the use of packaging materials containing components such as lead, mercury and copper, appliances that cannot be reused, and packaging materials that do not achieve a specific recycling ratio.
2 Establishing a Storage Refund System: Many countries stipulate that alcohol-containing beverages and soft drinks should all use reusable containers. Some countries (such as Denmark) require that they refuse to import if they cannot meet this standard.
3 The implementation of tax incentives or fines: that is, manufacturers of packaging materials are given tax exemptions, low tax concessions, or higher taxes in accordance with whether they produce the raw materials for packaging or whether the packaging used is safe or partially use recycled packaging materials. To encourage the use of renewable resources.
Vigorously develop China's green packaging industry 1. Accelerating technological innovation and developing new materials, new processes and new products are the key to development. Looking at the course of economic development in various countries, the company's own innovation capability is always the ultimate driving force for economic development. China's green packaging If the industry wants to achieve rapid development, it cannot ignore the important role of the company in the use and invention of new technologies. Of course, this needs to improve the laws concerning the protection of technological patents and fundamentally motivate the enthusiasm of corporate inventions and creations.
2. To strengthen legal construction We must, in accordance with international practice, establish and improve our country's environmental labeling system and carry out certification work at a high starting point. In the course of economic development, western countries have experienced the stage of “pollution first and then governanceâ€, which reminds other countries not to take such old roads again, but to minimize pollution while the economy grows, and this Need to establish and improve laws on environmental protection.
3. Giving Government Support Given that there is a gap between China's industry development level and the developed countries, in the process of China's participation in international competition, there is no doubt that the government should give appropriate support to the industry. Of course, the government should follow the principle of focusing on economic means and give certain preferential policies on environmental governance, taxation, and credit. At the same time, it allows enterprises to form a good mechanism for the introduction of advanced technologies and to achieve compliance with standards, and give full play to the initiative of the company.
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