Editor's note: I believe everyone has this experience: I often have a lot of dreams at night, with fear and joy, but I can't think of any dreams when I wake up in the morning. Recently, a team of neuroscientists in Kamiya, Kyoto, Japan, used functional magnetic resonance imaging to successfully read the contents of people's dreams.
Scientists at the ATR Computational Neuroscience Institute in Kyoto, Japan, and his colleagues used functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) to scan the brains of three sleeping subjects and record their brain wave signals.
When the subject's brain waves were observed in the early sleep characteristics of the dream, the researchers awakened the subject and asked them what scene they just dreamed of, and then let them continue to fall asleep. This test is conducted at intervals of 3 hours, and it is repeated 7 to 10 times for different subjects in different ways.
During each interval, the subject will be awakened 10 times per hour. Each subject reported that they had about 6 to 7 dreams about every hour, so that about 200 dream events were recorded in each subject.
Most dreams reflect daily life. As one subject said: "I dreamed that I was in a bakery. I bought something and walked to the street outside, where a person was taking pictures." Another subject stated: "I saw a A huge bronze statue on a hillside. There are small houses, streets, and woods at the foot of the mountain. "There are also some subjects whose dreams contain unusual content, such as meeting a movie star, or I dreamed of being in a recording studio.
Kamiya and colleagues used the corpus database WordNet developed by Princeton University to extract the language features of the subject statement and divide them into 20 categories, such as "car", "male", "female" and "computer" "Wait, these words are the most frequent in the subjects' statements. The research team then used the pictures corresponding to these words to let the subjects watch these pictures and scan and record their brain activity at the same time. Finally, these data were compared with the data recorded when the subjects were woken up in the sleep experiment. Compared. Surprisingly, the computer can recognize about 60% of the images in the dream.
The researchers analyzed the activity of the V1, V2, and V3 regions of the subject's brain. These brain regions are responsible for the earliest stages of visual image processing and are responsible for the basic decoding of visual images, such as contrast and border alignment. . The researchers also observed areas of the brain responsible for higher-level image processing, such as areas of the brain responsible for target recognition, and so on.
In 2008, Kamiya and his colleagues reported that they could decode and reconstruct the visual situation represented by the activity of the brain region of the subject. Now, they have taken it a step further and realized the recognition of the activity of higher-level functional areas of the brain, and therefore can almost accurately predict the content presented in the dreams of the subjects.
Kamiya's Kang said: "We have built a model to predict whether each category of content will be presented in a dream. By analyzing the brain activity of the subject 9 seconds before awakening, we can judge this person just Are you dreaming, with an accuracy of 75% to 80%. "
He also said that such an experiment is not an investigation of the subject's dream picture structure. He said: "We are concerned about the meaning of dreams, but I still think it is possible to extract structural features, such as shapes and contrasts, as we did in 2008."
The work they did was reported at the annual meeting of the Neuroscience Society in New Orleans in the United States last October and was recently published in the journal Science. In this article, the research team pointed out that the areas of the human brain responsible for higher-level visual processing have similar neural responses to dreams and visual perception.
Jack Gallant, a scientist at the University of California, Berkeley, said: "This is an interesting job and exciting. Interpretation from higher-level brain regions can be more accurately reconstructed than lower-level regions. Dreams, the fact that some brain areas related to visual imagination are involved in the brain activity that triggers the dreams, "he said:" In addition, the interpretation of dreams is most likely to occur ten seconds before the subject is awakened. Precise, this point also seems to prove that when we wake up, we recall the dream we just experienced. This is a short-term memory. "
Kamiya's health and colleagues are currently working on the same research on deep sleepers who are in the rapid eye movement stage (REM). This stage is generally considered to be related to the person's dream. He said: “This phase of the study will be more challenging because we have to wait at least one hour or more before the subject enters the sleep state during the rapid eye movement phase. I do n’t know much about the theory of the role of dreams. Learn more about the content of dreams and how these dreams are related to different areas of the brain. This correlation will help us better understand dreams. "
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