According to a recent research result from the University of British Columbia in Canada, if appropriate support is given to the wood biofuel industry, then by 2020, wood biofuels will become commercially competitive and is expected to become a substitute for corn biofuels.
At present, people can extract ethanol from corn and then mix it with gasoline to meet the government's goal of containing renewable ingredients in transportation fuels. Compared with corn, woody biofuels are considered more sustainable, but due to the high cost, large-scale commercial production in Canada and the United States has not been carried out.
The research results pointed out several ways to reduce costs. Researchers at the University of British Columbia in Canada found that large-scale commercial production of lignin ethanol (also known as "cellulosic ethanol") will reduce capital and operating costs and help increase wood production without government support. The competitiveness of ethanol.
"With the continuous increase of industrial production, cellulosic ethanol will likely form stronger competitive pressure on corn ethanol and occupy a certain market share." Said the study's lead author, Jamie Stephen, PhD candidate at the University of British Columbia.
Research led by Stephen shows that by reducing the cost of labor and equipment, reducing the cost of using enzymes, and increasing the income of by-products such as power generation, the economic competitiveness of wood ethanol fuel can be improved. Currently, enzymes used to decompose wood raw materials are one of the main costs consumed in the production of wood biofuels. With the increase in the scaled output of the biofuel industry and the increasing demand, the maturity of technology and the scale effect will help reduce costs.
The US Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 requires that by 2022, 117 billion liters (31 billion gallons) of ethanol must be included in the gasoline consumed each year. The Federal Government of Canada has ordered gasoline to contain 5% of renewable fuels.
Wood biofuels produce less greenhouse gases and consume less water during production. Cellulose (the main component of wood) is the most abundant polymer on earth, and unlike starch and sugar in corn and sugar cane, cellulose cannot be digested by the body. The production of lignin ethanol fuel will not consume food, and it can also reduce the pressure to compete for cultivated land.
"If you compare current wood biofuels and corn biofuels from a pure economic and cost perspective, corn biofuels will definitely cost less." Stephen said, "If we consider other factors, such as energy security, environmental impact, and raw material Availability, cellulosic ethanol will be a more competitive option for Canada and the United States. "
Canada is considering the use of wood waste, corn stover and wheat straw for the production of lignin.
Stephen mentioned that 35 years ago, Brazil made up its mind to invest heavily in sugarcane ethanol production. Today, Brazilians have already opened 100% flexible fuel vehicles powered by ethanol, and the government has basically no subsidies in this area.
"The commercial production of lignin ethanol requires government support in order to be truly economically feasible." Stephen said, "Research and development of cellulosic ethanol has received a lot of investment, especially in the United States and Canada. In reducing production costs Great progress has also been made, but there is still a long way to go before its output can reach the current scale of corn ethanol. "
The research was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the British Columbia Innovation Council.
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