Biomass gasification must be completed by a gasifier, and the reaction process is complicated. At present, research in this area is not detailed enough. With different types of gasifiers, process flow, reaction conditions, types of gasification agents, the nature of raw materials and crushing particle size and other conditions, the reaction process is also different. Biomass gasification is divided into fixed bed gasification and fluidized bed gasification according to the type of gasifier used.
The fixed-bed gasification furnace puts the chopped biomass raw materials into the fixed-bed gasification furnace through the feed port at the top of the furnace, and the materials are basically gasified in layers in the furnace. The flow of the gas generated by the reaction in the furnace is realized by a fan. The fan installed on the side of the gas outlet is an induced draft fan, which realizes the flow of gas in the furnace by the pumping force (forming a negative pressure in the furnace); The blower fed into the furnace is a blower. The reaction speed in the furnace of the fixed-bed gasifier is slow. According to the direction of gas flow in the furnace, fixed-bed gasifiers can be divided into four types: downflow (downdraft), upflow (updraft), crossflow (horizontal) and open heart.
The working characteristics of the fluidized bed gasifier are that the crushed biomass raw materials are put into the furnace, and the gasification agent is blown into the furnace from the bottom of the grate by the blower. The combustion gasification reaction of the material is in a "boiling" state, and the reaction speed is fast . According to the furnace structure and gasification process, the fluidized bed gasifier can be divided into four types: single fluidized bed, circulating fluidized bed, double fluidized bed, and portable fluidized bed. According to the pressure of the gasifier supplied, the fluidized bed gasifier can be divided into two types: atmospheric gasifier and pressurized gasifier.
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